Šiame straipsnyje aptarsime pagrindinius skirtumus tarp įvairių bedarbio ir ligos išmokų, susijusių su socialiniu draudimu ir paramos schemomis, nurodysime, kada ir kaip galima kreiptis, kokios yra sąlygos, bei pateiksime praktinius žingsnius, kurių reikia imtis susirgus ar praradus darbą.
Socialinio draudimo esmė ir kodėl svarbu, kad darbdavys mokėtų įmokas
The main aim of social insurance is to ensure financial support for people who can't work because of illness, pregnancy, old age, disability, and similar situations. If you are foreigner employed in Lithuania under a contract, your employer will pay the necessary monthly contributions for social security on your behalf.
Ligos išmoka (sickness benefit) - kas tai ir kada mokama
If you're employed in Lithuania and fall ill, you may be entitled to sickness benefits (known as ligos išmoka). These benefits help compensate for lost income when you're unable to work due to illness or injury.
To qualify for sickness benefits, you must be employed in Lithuania and have a sickness social insurance record of at least 3 months within the last 12 months (or 6 months within the last 24 months) before your temporary incapacity for work.
Mokėjimo tvarka ir dydis
Your employer pays a benefit of 62.06% to 100% of your average wages for the first 2 days of illness overlapping with the work schedule of an employee (with a minimum of 62.06%). From the 3rd day of illness, SoDra pays 62.06% of your compensated wages. The minimum sickness benefit amount in the 1st quarter of 2026 is €281.19, while the maximum benefit cannot exceed €2998.37. From the calculated sickness benefit amount, income tax (15%) and mandatory health insurance contribution (6%) are deducted.
Taip pat skaitykite: Kaip gauti vienkartinę pašalpą?
Žingsniai, kuriuos reikia atlikti susirgus
- Contact Your Doctor: If you fall ill, visit your doctor, who will diagnose your condition and, if necessary, issue an electronic certificate of incapacity for work (known as nedarbingumo pažymėjimas).
- Inform Your Employer: Notify your employer (or employers if you have more than one job) about your illness and inability to work.
- Employer’s Responsibility: Your employer will: Calculate and pay the sickness benefit from their own funds for the first 2 days of your sick leaveSubmit a filled NP-SD notification to SoDra
- Apply for Sickness Benefits from SoDra: Submit an application to SoDra if you wish to receive sickness benefits. You only need to submit a new application if your personal data, such as your account number, changes. Once your application is on file, benefits will be granted automatically each time you fall ill.
- Follow Conduct Rules: Comply with the rules of established conduct for your type of incapacity for work.
- Return to Work: Once you recover, return to work. If your treatment needs to continue, your doctor will issue a new certificate of incapacity for work.
Bedarbio pašalpa (unemployment benefit) - kas turi teisę ir kokios sąlygos
If you are a foreigner working in Lithuania and become unemployed, you may be entitled to unemployment insurance benefits. It depends on your residence status (temporary or permanent) and the grounds on which it was issued. For example, if you are a Blue Card holder or your Temporary Residence Permit is based on family reunification, you may still qualify for benefits. However, if your TRP was issued based on employment in Lithuania, losing your job will result in the annulment of your TRP. In this case, you will not be able to stay in Lithuania or register with the Employment Service. For specific advice and assistance, it’s best to consult directly with the relevant authorities or seek legal counsel.
To be eligible for unemployment benefits in Lithuania, you must meet the following conditions:
- Have Insurance Record: You must have been insured with unemployment social insurance and registered as unemployed at the Employment Service. Additionally, you should not have been offered a suitable job or active labor market policy measures by the Employment Service.
- Insurance Duration: Before becoming unemployed, you must have an unemployment insurance record of at least 12 months in the last 30 months before becoming unemployed.
- If you don't have enough insurance record in Lithuania but have worked in another EU or EEA country, the UK, Switzerland, Ukraine, or Belarus, you can provide a document from that country confirming your unemployment insurance periods (for EU, EEA, and Switzerland, it's the PD U1 form). This will allow Lithuania to take your foreign insurance periods into account.
- Ukrainian citizens can count their insurance periods gained in Ukraine towards unemployment benefits in Lithuania only if they have a permanent residence permit in Lithuania.
Mokėjimo trukmė ir dydis
The average monthly unemployment benefit is determined based on your actual income over the last 30 months, starting from two months before you became unemployed ( including months with no income). In the 1st quarter of 2026, the maximum unemployment benefit for jobseekers is €1405.45. The unemployment benefit is paid for 9 months. You can calculate your estimated unemployment benefit amount here. You can apply when registering as unemployed at the Employment Service, online, or in person atthe SoDra branch.
Specialios situacijos: asmenys su negalia ir teisė į pensijas
Help for People with DisabilitiesA person with a disability is someone who has been assessed with a level of disability, 55% or lower work capacity, or a special needs level. People with disabilities can receive state support.
The two main financial benefits for people with disabilities are pensions:
Taip pat skaitykite: Mirties atveju mokamos išmokos
- Social Assistance Pension - provided when a person does not receive other higher benefits than the social assistance disability pension. It can be received by: Children with disabilities; Persons who have lost 45% or more of work capacity (under the age of 24); Parents, guardians, or caretakers who have cared for a disabled person at home for at least 15 years and lost 60% or more of their work capacity or reached pension age; Mothers who raised five or more children and lost 60% or more of their work capacity or reached pension age.
- Social Insurance Disability Pension - may be provided to those who, due to health reasons, cannot work full-time. The person must have a 55% work capacity level.
The work capacity level is determined by the Disability and Working Capacity Assessment Office, which evaluates the person's health condition. It's important that individuals receiving these pensions have work experience to prove they have worked for a certain period. For pensions, you must apply to Sodra. If you are a foreigner and want to apply for these allowances, you must hold a permanent residence permit, be a citizen of an EU or European Free Trade Association country with a residence permit in Lithuania, and have lived there for at least 3 months, or have been granted asylum or temporary protection in Lithuania.
Contributions-Based Jobseeker's Allowance - priminimas apie užsienio teisines sistemas
Contributions-Based Jobseeker's Allowance - Tokio tipo pašalpa yra mokama tada, kai per išdirbtą laikotarpį anglijoje sumokėjote pakankamai mokesčių - mokesčiai, kurie taip pat įeina į Jūsų pensija - įmokos. Svarbu žinoti, jog jeigu turite £16,000 santaupų, nebūsite kvalifikuota/s gauti bedarbio pašalpą. Turėdamas £6000 santaupų, Jums paskirta bedarbio pašalpa bus sumažinta.
Bedarbio pašalpa yra mokama 2 kartus per mėnesį, t.y. 1. 2. 3. Po išsiustos Jūsų paraiškos, Jums bus paskirtas susitikimas, kuriame turėsite patvirtinti savo detales, būsite užregistruotas JobCentre Plus ir turėsite atvykti į paskirtus susitikimus, kurie vyks 2 kartus per mėnesį, t.y. kas antrą savaitę. Šiuose susitikimuose Jūs turėsite pateikti duomenis apie ieškomus darbus (kur siuntėte savo CV, kam skambinote, kur registravotės), kas yra privaloma, taip pat Jums bus siulomi darbai ir suteikiama informacija apie juos. Turite užsiregistruoti / išsiųsti CV / skambinti dėl darbo minimum 3-6 kartus per savaitę ir tai turite fiksuoti specialiame lape, kuris bus suteiktas pirmojo susitikimo metu.
Praktiniai patarimai ir kam kreiptis
- Jei esate užsienietis dirbantis Lietuvoje, įsitikinkite, kad darbdavys moka socialinio draudimo įmokas - tai būtina teisėms į ligos ir bedarbio išmokas.
- Jei neturite reikiamo draudimo stažo Lietuvoje, surinkite dokumentus iš kitų šalių (pvz. PD U1 formą) - tai gali leisti pripažinti užsienyje įgytą draudimo stažą.
- Jeigu jūsų laikinoji gyvenamoji vieta priklausė nuo darbo sutarties (TRP dėl darbo), praradus darbą gali būti anuliuota gyvenamoji leidimo byla - kreipkitės į Migracijos tarnybą arba teisininkus.
- Visada laikykitės nustatytų taisyklių (pvz., gydytojo nurodymų ligos atveju arba darbo paieškos įrodymų registruojant bedarbį).
Trumpa lentelė: pagrindiniai skirtumai
| Parametra | Ligos išmoka | Bedarbio pašalpa |
|---|---|---|
| Ką kompensuoja | Pajamų netekimą dėl ligos | Pajamų praradimą dėl nedarbo |
| Kas moka | Darbdavys 1-2 d., vėliau SoDra | SoDra (išmokos pagal draudimo įrašą) |
| Reikalaujamas draudimo stažas | 3 mėn. per pastarąjį 12 mėn. arba 6 per 24 mėn. | 12 mėn. per pastaruosius 30 mėn. |
| Maks. suma (1 k. 2026) | €2998.37 | €1405.45 |
| Mokėjimo trukmė | Pagal gydytojo pažymėjimus | 9 mėn. |
Svarbu atsiminti, kad kiekvienas atvejis gali būti individualus - teisės į išmokas priklauso nuo gyvenamosios vietos statuso, draudimo stažo, darbo sutarties sąlygų ir nuo to, ar turite pateiktus reikalingus dokumentus. Dėl konkrečių situacijų patartina kreiptis į SoDra, Užimtumo tarnybą arba migracijos institucijas.
Taip pat skaitykite: Kaip gauti ligos išmoką?
tags: #jobseekers #benefit #jobseekers #allowance #pasalpa #ir